Abstract This article has derived from a doctoral research that aims to analyze the continuing education developed through an action-research process. The research setting is a kindergarten school located in a capital in the Midwestern region of the country. The research subjects are five kindergarten teachers. Research data presented in this article were produced in 2022. We emphasize that our option for the qualitative approach, specifically for the action-research methodology, is due to the understanding that teachers who work in Basic Education produce, through their performance, a range of knowledge; hence, they are entitled to participate and decide the type of continuing education they need. The theoretical issues brought up in this research highlight both the importance of and the need for the knowledge of teachers to qualify the continuing education process. In conclusion, based on the production of data, we can say that continuing education developed through action research shows that the possibility of participating and the decision-making power of teachers make them feel more committed and respected in the educational environment.

Resumen Este artículo es el fruto de una investigación doctoral que tiene como objetivo analizar la formación continua desarrollada a través de un proceso de investigación-acción. El local de la investigación es una escuela de Educación Infantil ubicada en una capital del Centro-Oeste del país. Los sujetos de la investigación son cinco maestras de Educación Infantil. Los datos de la investigación, presentados en este artículo, fueron producidos durante el año 2022. Destacamos que nuestra opción por el enfoque cualitativo, específicamente por la metodología de investigación-acción, es porque entendemos que los docentes que actúan en la Educación Básica producen, a través de su actuación, una gama de conocimientos; por lo tanto, son capaces de participar y decidir el tipo de educación continua que necesitan tener. Los aspectos teóricos que traemos en esta investigación son aquellos que enfatizan el conocimiento docente como importante, necesarios y calificadores del proceso de formación continua. Como conclusión podemos decir, con base en la producción de datos, que la educación continua, desarrollada a través de la investigación-acción, explica que la posibilidad de participar y el poder de decisión de los docentes los hacen sentir más comprometidos y respetados en el ambiente de formación.

Resumo Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa de doutorado que tem como objetivo analisar a formação continuada desenvolvida por meio de um processo de pesquisa-ação. O local da pesquisa é uma escola de Educação Infantil localizada em uma capital do Centro-Oeste do país. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são cinco professores da Educação Infantil. Os dados da pesquisa, apresentados neste artigo, foram produzidos durante o ano de 2022. Destacamos que nossa opção pela abordagem qualitativa, especificamente pela metodologia da pesquisa-ação, é por entendermos que os professores que atuam na Educação Básica produzem, mediante sua atuação, uma gama de conhecimentos; portanto, apresentam condições de participar e de decidir o tipo de formação continuada que necessitam ter. Os aspectos teóricos que trazemos nesta pesquisa são aqueles que enfatizam os conhecimentos dos professores como importantes, necessários e qualificadores do processo de formação continuada. Como conclusão, podemos afirmar, com base na produção dos dados, que a formação continuada, desenvolvida por meio da pesquisa-ação, explicita que a possibilidade de participar e o poder de decisão dos professores fazem com que eles se sintam mais comprometidos e respeitados no ambiente formativo.

Abstract In this research, aqueous and ethanolic extracts from Justicia pectoralis Jacq and Croton Jacobinensis Baill were characterized. The UPLC-QTOF-MSE analysis was performed on the extracts identified, predominantly, flavonoids, tannins and acids. The extracts did not indicate toxicity in human epithelial cells. C. jacobinensis presented a concentration of phenolics 60.5% higher than J. pectoralis in all scenarios evaluated and, for both samples, the hydroalcoholic extract at 70% exhibited the best efficiency in the extraction (14501.3 and 32521.5 mg GAE 100 g-1 for J. pectoralis and C. jacobinensis, respectively). The antioxidant activity presented a positive correlation with the concentration of phenolics, being 1.186,1 and 1.507,9 μM of Trolox for J. pectoralis and C. jacobinensis at 70% of ethanol; however, it was not verified statistical difference between the ethanolic solutions (p < 0.05). The antimicrobial activity of J. pectoralis extracts was highlighted once was the most effective against gram-positive bacteria. The results suggest that both J. pectoralis and C. jacobinensis extracts present the potential to be applied as natural additives due to their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and safety. Thus, it is suggesting the development of studies that could investigate the interaction of these plant extracts with food matrices is required.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is an endemic disease in Brazil, and integrated control actions have been adopted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health to control its spread. However, the transmission profile is unknown in areas with recent CVL cases, including Itaúna, located in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, where the present study was carried out. METHODS: A total of 2,302 dogs from 12 neighborhoods were serologically tested for canine VL using the current diagnostic protocol adopted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Test positivity rate (TPR) and CVL prevalence were determined for each neighborhood. The presence of Leishmania was assessed in 60 seropositive dogs which had been recommended for euthanasia. Twenty-two of them (37%) were asymptomatic, and 38 (63%) were symptomatic for CVL. Parasitological (myeloculture and smear/imprint) and molecular (PCR) methods were employed for Leishmania detection in bone marrow, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and ear skin. The infecting Leishmania species was identified by DNA sequencing. RESULTS: CVL prevalence (per 1,000 dogs) varied from 0.0-166.67, depending on the neighborhood, with a mean of 68.96 (SD 51.38). Leishmania DNA was detected in at least one tissue from all seropositive dogs, with comparable TPR among tissues. Leishmania parasites were identified in most (54/60) seropositive dogs, and the infecting parasite was identified as Leishmania infantum in all of these. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of CVL is a contributor to the spread of visceral leishmaniasis in Itaúna.

BACKGROUND Leishmaniases are a serious health problem in southeast Brazil, including the city of Belo Horizonte (BH), Minas Gerais state (MG), where there are high rates of incidence and mortality due to visceral leishmaniases. BH is divided into nine sanitary districts (SD) of which one, the Venda Nova SD, was selected for this study because it has high rates of positivity for canine leishmaniasis and high incidence of human leishmaniasis. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to survey the sand fly fauna in Venda Nova SD from August 2011 to July 2013 and perform a descriptive analysis of the vector population. METHODS The sampling was carried out using automatic HP light traps at all covered areas of the Venda Nova SD, in a total of eighteen light traps. Sampled specimens were identified following Galati (2003), and females were submitted to molecular techniques for the detection and identification of Leishmania DNA. A simple environmental description was done for it area and Kernel estimation was used to infer vector density for each study site. FINDINGS A total of 2,427 sand fly specimens belonging to eight species and five genera were collected of which 95.3% were Lutzomyia longipalpis. The seasonal variation curve was delineated by this species. Lu. longipalpis was the most abundant at all collection points and in all months of the study, and exhibited a natural infection rate of 1.01% for Leishmania infantum and 1.77% for Leishmania braziliensis. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The results show the presence and adaptation of Lu. longipalpis to the anthropic environment of BH and reinforces its role as the main vector of L. infantum in the region.

Resumo Considerando o estigma e a lacuna de acesso ao cuidado em saúde mental, o estudo explorou narrativas de mulheres ansiosas e deprimidas, atendidas na Clínica da Família em favela do Rio de Janeiro, sobre sofrimento e cuidado. Analisou-se 13 entrevistas em profundidade a partir das perguntas do estudo de Kadam. Os dados foram dispostos em Framework, tendo Acesso, Porta de Entrada, Confiança, Questões Psicossociais e Saúde Mental na Atenção Primária como conceitos norteadores. Vulnerabilidade e acessibilidade embasaram teoricamente essa leitura. Do estudo temático emergiram as categorias: “sofrimento emocional” onde se destacam os problemas familiares e comunitários e “busca de ajuda” revelando o papel dos serviços de saúde, recursos comunitários e a autoajuda no enfrentamento do sofrimento emocional. Regras sociais implícitas constrangem as mulheres. sendo observados padrões de linguagem específicos ligados à vulnerabilidade e à violência. Alta rotatividade e sobrecarga dos profissionais são barreiras para uma relação positiva com essas mulheres ao passo que a continuidade do cuidado é facilitador da confiança no profissional, gerando segurança e adesão. Conclui-se ser crucial considerar fatores socioculturais e condições adequadas de trabalho das equipes para o cuidado integral dessa população.

Abstract Taking into consideration issues such as stigma and the mental health gap, this study explores narratives of anxious and depressed women treated in a community-based primary care service in a Rio de Janeiro favela about their suffering and care. We analysed 13 in-depth interviews using questions from Kadam's study. Framework analysis studied Access, Gateway, Trust, Psychosocial Issues, and Primary Mental Health Care, as key-concepts. Vulnerability and accessibility were the theoretical references. Thematic analysis found “suffering category”, highlighting family and community problems, and “help seeking category”, indicating how these women have coped with their emotional problems and addressed their needs through health services, community resources and self-help. Women's language patterns indicated links between implicit social rules and constraints to talk about suffering, especially if related to local violence. High medical turnover and overload are barriers for establishing a positive relationship with family physicians and continuity of care is a facilitator that promotes trust, security and adherence. Concluding, to plan community-based primary mental health care of this population, cultural and social factors must be comprehended as well as the work health teams conditions.

Resumo Considerando o estigma e a lacuna de acesso ao cuidado em saúde mental, o estudo explorou narrativas de mulheres ansiosas e deprimidas, atendidas na Clínica da Família em favela do Rio de Janeiro, sobre sofrimento e cuidado. Analisou-se 13 entrevistas em profundidade a partir das perguntas do estudo de Kadam. Os dados foram dispostos em Framework, tendo Acesso, Porta de Entrada, Confiança, Questões Psicossociais e Saúde Mental na Atenção Primária como conceitos norteadores. Vulnerabilidade e acessibilidade embasaram teoricamente essa leitura. Do estudo temático emergiram as categorias: “sofrimento emocional” onde se destacam os problemas familiares e comunitários e “busca de ajuda” revelando o papel dos serviços de saúde, recursos comunitários e a autoajuda no enfrentamento do sofrimento emocional. Regras sociais implícitas constrangem as mulheres. sendo observados padrões de linguagem específicos ligados à vulnerabilidade e à violência. Alta rotatividade e sobrecarga dos profissionais são barreiras para uma relação positiva com essas mulheres ao passo que a continuidade do cuidado é facilitador da confiança no profissional, gerando segurança e adesão. Conclui-se ser crucial considerar fatores socioculturais e condições adequadas de trabalho das equipes para o cuidado integral dessa população.

Abstract Taking into consideration issues such as stigma and the mental health gap, this study explores narratives of anxious and depressed women treated in a community-based primary care service in a Rio de Janeiro favela about their suffering and care. We analysed 13 in-depth interviews using questions from Kadam's study. Framework analysis studied Access, Gateway, Trust, Psychosocial Issues, and Primary Mental Health Care, as key-concepts. Vulnerability and accessibility were the theoretical references. Thematic analysis found “suffering category”, highlighting family and community problems, and “help seeking category”, indicating how these women have coped with their emotional problems and addressed their needs through health services, community resources and self-help. Women's language patterns indicated links between implicit social rules and constraints to talk about suffering, especially if related to local violence. High medical turnover and overload are barriers for establishing a positive relationship with family physicians and continuity of care is a facilitator that promotes trust, security and adherence. Concluding, to plan community-based primary mental health care of this population, cultural and social factors must be comprehended as well as the work health teams conditions.

RESUMO No Brasil os frutos nativos tropicais vêm conquistando a preferência dos consumidores, entretanto, muitos deles não é aproveitada comercialmente, a exemplo da gabiroba (Campomanesia lineatifolia) e Murta (Blepharocalyx salicifolius), pertencentes à família das Myrtaceae. Este trabalhou teve como objetivo avaliar as características físicas, físico-químicas e funcionais da gabiroba e murta, colhidas de plantas nativas na região serrana da Ibiapaba - CE, por meio das seguintes análises: pH, sólidos solúveis, acidez total, polifenóis extraíveis totais, ácido ascórbico e atividade antioxidante pelo método ABTS. Depois de despolpadas as amostras foram divididas em dois lotes. A partir dos resultados, verificou-se que entre os frutos analisados destacou-se por apresentar menor valor de acidez titulável (0,12 ± 0,01%) indicando um maior teor de doçura com relação às outras espécies. A Murta apresentou valores de diâmetro longitudinal (0,94 cm) e transversal (1,35 cm), massa fresca (0,85g), rendimento de polpa (68,0%), pH (4,5 ± 0,0) e sólidos solúveis totais (23,6 ± 1,7°Brix), próximos aos valores obtidos por outros autores referente a mesma espécie. Para os compostos bioativos foram obtidos valores de compostos fenólicos (229,37 ± 1,04 mg GAE/100 g) ,(511,65 ± 1,34 mg GAE/100g), Ácido Ascórbico ( 74,44 ± 0,03 mg/100g) , (369,1 ± 0,28 mg/100g) e Capacidade Antioxidante (14,54 ± 1,0 µMol Trolox/g),(16,05±0,63 µMol Trolox/g), para gabiroba e murta , respectivamente, apresentando potencial para ser utilizado como alimento funcional caracterizando-se por oferecer vários benefícios à saúde.

ABSTRACT In Brazil, consumer preference of tropical native fruits has increased; however, many fruits are not commercially exploited, such as gabiroba (Campomanesia lineatifolia) and myrtle (Blepharocalyx salicifolius), from the Myrtaceae family. The present study aimed to evaluate the physical, physico -chemical, and functional characteristics of gabiroba and myrtle, harvested from native plants in the mountainous region of Ibiapaba-CE. The following characters were analyzed: pH, soluble solids, total acidity, total extractable polyphenols, ascorbic acid, and antioxidant activity by using the ABTS method. After pulping, the samples were divided into two groups. From the results, it was found that gabiroba had a low total acidity value (0.12 ± 0.01%) indicating a higher level of sweetness relative to myrtle. Myrtle presented values of longitudinal (0.94 cm) and transverse (1.35 cm) diameters, fresh weight (0.85g), pulp yield (68.0%), pH (4.5 ± 0.0), and total soluble solids (23.6 ± 1.7 °Bx) similar to those obtained in other studies. Bioactive compounds in gabiroba and myrtle included phenolics (GAE 229.37 ± 1.04and 511.65 ± 1.34mg/100g), ascorbic acid (74.44 ± 0.03 369.1 ± 0.28 mg/100g), and antioxidants (14.54 ± 1.0 and 16.05 ± 0.63 μ Mtrolox/g). Therefore, these fruits have the potential to be used as functional foods characterized by various health benefits.

Introduction Dogs play a primary role in the zoonotic cycle of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Therefore, the accurate diagnosis of infected dogs, primarily asymptomatic dogs, is crucial to the efficiency of VL control programs. Methods We investigated the agreement of four diagnostic tests for canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL): parasite detection, either after myeloculture or by direct microscopic examination of tissue imprints; kinetoplast-deoxyribonucleic acid-polymerase chain reaction (kDNA-PCR); and an immunochromatographic test (ICT). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT), both of which were adopted as part of the screening-culling program in Brazil, were used as reference tests. Our sample set consisted of 44 seropositive dogs, 25 of which were clinically asymptomatic and 19 were symptomatic for CVL according to ELISA-IFAT. Results The highest and lowest test co-positivities were observed for ICT (77.3%) and myeloculture (58.1%), respectively. When analyzed together, the overall percentage of co-positive tests was significantly higher for the symptomatic group compared to the asymptomatic group. However, only ICT was significantly different based on the results of a separate analysis per test for each group of dogs. The majority (93.8%) of animals exhibited at least one positive test result, with an average of 2.66 positive tests per dog. Half of the symptomatic dogs tested positive for all four tests administered. Conclusions The variability between test results reinforces the need for more efficient and reliable methods to accurately diagnose canine VL, particularly in asymptomatic animals.

Este artigo, embasado nos estudos culturais e em noções pós-estruturalistas sobre identidade, poder, sexualidade e gênero, apresenta estudo empírico baseado na ideia de que em espaços não formais da universidade ocorrem processos importantes de construção identitária. O contexto do estudo foi uma universidade pública, e os dados foram obtidos principalmente pela observação de atividades do trote universitário e por entrevistas com estudantes do curso de Farmácia. Evidenciamos como o ritual do trote universitário, por meio de várias atividades, constitui tecnologia contemporânea de poder. Identificamos situações no trote em que sexismo, significados homofóbicos e assédio moral prevalecem, sempre travestidos como brincadeiras. Significados sobre a sexualidade estão imbricados com questões de gênero e de consumo: os corpos são expostos e assujeitados em processos que excluem o que foge da norma e reforçam identidades hegemônicas. Esses discursos e práticas, construtores de conhecimentos e significados sociais, deveriam ser considerados pela universidade.

This article, based upon the idea that in non formal University spaces important processes of identity construction take place, presents an empirical study conducted in consonance with notions of the cultural studies, in relation to the issues of identity, power, sexuality and gender. The context of the study was a public university and the data was obtained mainly through the observation of hazing activities and interviews conducted with Pharmacy students. We have evidenced ways through which hazing constitutes a modern power technology. Situations were identified in which sexism, homophobe meanings and moral harassment prevail, always represented as jokes. Meanings on sexuality were found intertwined with gender and consumerism aspects: the bodies were exposed and subjected to processes which exclude what was seen as "not normal", reinforcing the hegemonic identity. Such discourses and practices build knowledge and social meanings and should receive greater attention by the University.

O presente trabalho é uma análise do vídeo institucional do projeto do Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Psiquiatria do Desenvolvimento para a Infância e Adolescência (INPD - Brasil). O objetivo do artigo é ampliar o debate sobre a verdade científica e os métodos de prevenção de doença mental na infância e adolescência, por meio da análise do material midiático de divulgação do projeto. O trabalho para prevenir as doenças mentais e diagnosticar precocemente as psicopatologias já foi iniciado (2010) nas escolas particulares e pretende comprovar sua validade para a construção de políticas públicas. A partir de dados de pesquisas epidemiológicas internacionais, está sendo articulada a criação de uma subespecialidade psiquiátrica. Estamos diante de um superdimensionamento do poder de solução dos fatos da vida, por uma medicina psiquiátrica e sua verdade científica, que lança mão de diagnósticos de doenças não manifestadas, baseados em comportamentos, a serem contidos por psicofármacos e orientação de condutas. É um projeto em fase de implantação, que conta com amplo financiamento, público e privado, e credibilidade institucional para sua implantação. É uma medicalização do social e do psíquico, que serve mais à indústria da doença do que à saúde da população.

This study analyzes the corporate video that presents the Project of the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Psiquiatria do Desenvolvimento para a Infância e Adolescência, INPD (National Institute of Science and Technology of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, Brazil). It aims to broaden the debate about scientific truth and methods to prevent mental illness in childhood and adolescence, through the analysis of the media material used to publicize the project. The work to prevent mental illness and early diagnosis of psychopathology has started in private schools (2010) and intends to prove its validity aiming the construction of public policies. Based on data from epidemiological research organizations, the creation of a psychiatric subspeciality is beeing articulated. We are facing a super dimension of the power of psychiatric medicine and its truth to find solutions for the facts of life, which makes use of non-expressed disease diagnosis, based on behavior, to be controlled by psychotropic drugs and conduct guidance. It is a project under implementation, with full private and public funding, and institutional credibility. Indeed, it is the medicalization of social and psychological, serving more to the disease industry than to public health.

O presente trabalho é uma análise do vídeo institucional do projeto do Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Psiquiatria do Desenvolvimento para a Infância e Adolescência (INPD - Brasil). O objetivo do artigo é ampliar o debate sobre a verdade científica e os métodos de prevenção de doença mental na infância e adolescência, por meio da análise do material midiático de divulgação do projeto. O trabalho para prevenir as doenças mentais e diagnosticar precocemente as psicopatologias já foi iniciado (2010) nas escolas particulares e pretende comprovar sua validade para a construção de políticas públicas. A partir de dados de pesquisas epidemiológicas internacionais, está sendo articulada a criação de uma subespecialidade psiquiátrica. Estamos diante de um superdimensionamento do poder de solução dos fatos da vida, por uma medicina psiquiátrica e sua verdade científica, que lança mão de diagnósticos de doenças não manifestadas, baseados em comportamentos, a serem contidos por psicofármacos e orientação de condutas. É um projeto em fase de implantação, que conta com amplo financiamento, público e privado, e credibilidade institucional para sua implantação. É uma medicalização do social e do psíquico, que serve mais à indústria da doença do que à saúde da população.

This study analyzes the corporate video that presents the Project of the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Psiquiatria do Desenvolvimento para a Infância e Adolescência, INPD (National Institute of Science and Technology of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, Brazil). It aims to broaden the debate about scientific truth and methods to prevent mental illness in childhood and adolescence, through the analysis of the media material used to publicize the project. The work to prevent mental illness and early diagnosis of psychopathology has started in private schools (2010) and intends to prove its validity aiming the construction of public policies. Based on data from epidemiological research organizations, the creation of a psychiatric subspeciality is beeing articulated. We are facing a super dimension of the power of psychiatric medicine and its truth to find solutions for the facts of life, which makes use of non-expressed disease diagnosis, based on behavior, to be controlled by psychotropic drugs and conduct guidance. It is a project under implementation, with full private and public funding, and institutional credibility. Indeed, it is the medicalization of social and psychological, serving more to the disease industry than to public health.

O presente trabalho apresenta o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes ofídicos notificados junto à Secretaria do Estado de Saúde do Estado do Amapá. Para isso, foram analisadas 909 fichas durante o período de 2003 a 2006. A maior freqüência de picadas foi no ano de 2004 com registro de 255 casos, seguido pelo ano de 2006 com 246 casos. Os números mais expressivos de pacientes encontram-se nas faixas etárias compreendidas entre 20 e 34 anos (30%). Os gêneros Bothrops e Crotalus foram responsáveis por 67,5% e 0,7% dos acidentes, respectivamente. Serpentes consideradas não peçonhentas causaram 0,2% dos acidentes e em 31,2% dos casos não foi possível a identificação da espécie. Indivíduos do sexo masculino (80,6%) foram os mais atingidos. A maior incidência de picadas foi nos membros inferiores (68%). Os acidentes ocorreram, em sua maioria, na área rural (62,7%), em circunstâncias equilibradas de trabalho (60%) e lazer (15,6%). O tempo decorrido entre a picada e o atendimento ao paciente foi de 12 horas (29%). Dos acidentes ofídicos, 263 foram classificados como leves, 193 graves e 187 moderados.

This study presents the epidemiological profile of snake poisoning accidents notified to the Health Department of the State of Amapá. For this, 909 records over the period from 2003 to 2006 were analyzed. The greatest frequency of bites was in the year 2004, with 255 cases recorded, followed by the year 2006 with 246 cases. The largest numbers of patients were in the age range between 20 and 34 years (30%). The genera Bothrops and Crotalus accounted for 67.5% and 0.7% of the accidents, respectively. Snakes that are considered non-venomous caused 0.2% of the accidents, and it was not possible to identify the species in 31.2% of the cases. Male individuals were more affected (80.6%). The highest incidence of bites was on the lower limbs (68%). The accidents mostly occurred in rural areas (62.7%), during balanced work circumstances (60%) or leisure activities (15.6%). The time elapsed from the bite to attending the patient was 12 hours (29%). Among the snake poisoning accidents, 263 were classified as mild, 187 as moderate and 193 as serious.